And that decline accounts for births, deaths and immigration. The EU’s peak population will occur in 2026 (boosted largely by immigrants from Ukraine) and then begin dropping.

Source: In data: The EU faces a major demographic decline with 27.3 million fewer people by 2100 | Euronews

The idea that countries can import workers from abroad to address the demographic flip to negative growth is a non-starter for most countries. There are not going to be sufficient immigrants to meet all of the demands for more immigrant workers.

Coldstreams